Internal-combustion engine.



F. E. LONAS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIUN ENGINE. APPLICATION man sPT.23. 1913.

l 1 85,69 1 Patented June 6, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WW1/woman J F. E. LUN/xs.

INTERNAL CUMBUSTION ENGiNE. APPLscATIoN FILED sEPT.23, 1913.

l ,1 85,691 Patented Jun@ 6, 1916 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. E. LONAS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLacATIoN man SEPT. 23, :913.

1 1 85 6 9 1 Patented June 6, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FRANK E. LONAS, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led September 23, 1913.

To all ywhom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK E. LoNAs, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, borough of Manhattanzr in the county of New York, and State of Bew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to the type wherein the admission of the charge and the exhaust of the burned gases are controlled by a sleeve valve in the head of the cylinder.

The main object of the invention is to provide an efiicient water circulating system by which the valve or valves is or are placed between water jackets through which a continuous flow is maintained, and in multiple cylinder engines to provide means for passing the cooling water through the heads of the several cylinders in parallel.

Other objects of the invention are to provide an improved valve actuating mecha-4 nism, and a system by which the oil vapor from the crank case may be utilized for lubricating the valve.

These and other objects of the invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a four-cylinder engine showing one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 a transverse vertical section on the plane 0f the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 apart plan and part horizontal section; Fig. 4 a detail to show the manner of introducing the water into the water jacket; and Fig. 5 a detail showing one of the liners in the valve-Way.

Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several views.

The invention is shown as embodied in a multiple cylinder engine of the four-stroke cycle type, in which the numeral 1 designates the upper part of the crank case t0 which the lower part 2 is secured. The upper part of the crank case, the cylinders 3 including their heads 4, and the outer casing 5 may be, and preferably are, made in a single casting to eliminate all joints. It is not essential, however, that this be done as the head may be cast separately and water passages provided from one t0 the other through packed joints. The outer casing may be made in one casting and the cylin- Specitcation of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1916. srial No. 791,282.

ders and heads cast integrally and inserted lnto the casing and packed to give the same water circulation as herein described. The cover 6 is secured to the casing by any suitable means. Supported in bearings in the crank case is a crank shaft 7 to which the connecting rods 8 are secured; The pistons 9 may be of any usual design. They are shown as of the trunk type. As the several cylinders and valves are similar in construction, it will only be necessary to refer to one of them.

Heretofore in engines of this type the internal head, which closes the upper end of the cylinder and between which and the cylinder wall the sleeve valve is placed, has been cast in a separate piece and fitted into the upper end of the engine cylinder. Owing to the exposure of the sleeve valve to the high temperatures of the explosion chamber, considerable ditliculty has been eX- perienced in keeping the valve sutliciently cool to prevent burning of the lubricating oil and binding of the valve due to expansion of the metal and consequent distortion of the head or valve casing. To overcome these difliculties, so as to insure proper working of the valve, I have formed the head 4 integral with the body of the cylinder and with the outer casing 5, and have provided said head with a water jacket 10 extending circumferentially around the inner side thereof. As above stated the outer casing may be made in one casting and the cylinders and heads cast integrally. The valve 11 is seated in a chamber or valve-way 12 formed in the head between the inner and outer walls thereof. Suitable` ports 13 and 14 are formed in the sleeve valve for inlet and exhaust, these ports communicating with ports in the cylinder head which Open into the intake 15 and exhaust 16, respectively, at the times required for proper functioning. The valve-way l2 is thus surrounded both on the outside and inside with water jackets except the spaces occupied by the inlet and exhaust passages, so that the only part of the valve which is not water cooled is that which is at any moment opposite the ports in the cylinder head. To provide a continuous fiow of water past the head and valve, the outer water jacket 18 is made to discharge through openings 19 into a chamber 2O in cover 6. i

At the lower end of jacket 10, and below the valve-way 12, are openings 21 from the ing of jacket 10 into flowing upward in the latter and through inlets 21 into jacket 10 so as to completely surround the internal head or valve casing 4 on both sides of the valve 11, and discharging from both jackets 10 and 18 into chamber 20 in cover 6. By making the parts in a single casting absolutely water-tight and continuous jackets are formed. By inclosmg all the cylinders in a single casing the inlet 23 will deliver water into jacket 18 for all of the cylinders, and the jacket 10 of each cylinder receives its supply from a common source, so that the water will pass around the internal heads in parallel and will be discharged from said heads through openings 22 into the common water compartment 20 covering all of the cylinders without the use of separate connecting pipes, or without passing from the head of one cylinder through the other cylinder heads in series. The water from chamber 20 is discharged therefrom through a pipe 24 to the radiator. The circulation may be effected by a pump if desired. The described arrangement, however, having a free inlet for the water at the bottom and free outlet at the top, is especially suitable for the thermosiphon system of cooling. The described system also presents the distinct advantage that there is a continuous flow of the water through the internal head to maintain an efficient coolingcirculation on both sides of the sleeve valve. It also permits the drainthe outer water jacket 18 without a siphon or other special means.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the valve chamber l2 is made wider than is necessary to accommodate the valve, and liners 25 are provided, one on each side of the valve, these liners having apertures registering with the ports in the cylinder head. The liner on the inner side of the valve may, if desired, be cut away in the neighborhood of the port, as illustrated in Fig. 5, the object of this being to allow for expansion of the sleeve or the liner itself.y Oil grooves may be cut as desired in the Vwall of chamber 12, or in the sleeve valve itself, or in the liners if such are used.

The valve may be actuated by any suitable mechanism requisite for the four-cycle motion, the engine being of that type, as for example, by a train of gears or by silent chains 26 and 27 (see Fig. 1) running over suitable sprocket wheels, the shafts of which actuate cranks to which the connecting rods of the valve are attached. In the present u construction I have provided a novel form to jacket 18 is from a passage l tendency its surface.

of connection between the crank driving mechanism and the valve comprising a cross head in the form of a yoke or ring 28 having trunnions 29 slidably supported in bearing sleeves 30, the latter being carried by cranks 31 and 32. The cranks are on shafts driven by the chains 2G and 27. the connections between the driven shafts being so adjusted as to drive crank 31 at one half engine speed and crank 32 at enginespeed, as is well understood in the art. Rods 33 connect the cross head 28 with the sleeve yalve through ears or lugs 34 projecting laterally therefrom, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The connecting rods 33 are in a plane substantially at right angles to the vertical planeof the trunnions 29 and pass through chambers 35 formed by walls 36 to cut olf said chambers from the water jacket 18. No novelty is claimed by me for the mechanism for driving the cranks 31 and 32, but by placing said cranks on diametrically opposite sides of ring 28, and by connecting the valve to the ring in the manner described, the forces acting on the valve are better balanced and the to binding and vibration of the mechanism between the cranks and the valve is reduced to a minimum. If there should be any tendency to bind it is overcome by the capability of the cross head to rock in its bearings 30.

The chambers 35 are utilized by me to effect the lubrication of the valve in the following manner. The shaft bearings are lubricated in the usual way by forced lubrication through pipe 37 and connections 38 to the bearings, and as is well known, the lubricant is thrown off by the shaft resulting in filling the crank case with a vapor 0r mist of oil which, heretofore, has been permitted to escape through breathers on the crank case. In order that the oil vapor may be utilized for the purpose stated, I dispense with the crank case breathers and permit the vapor to escape through the chambers 35, which open into the crank case as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. These chambers terminate at their upper ends in a breather 39. The compression of the oil vapor in the crank case, due to the reciprocation of the pistons, forces the vapor upwardly through the chambers 35, surrounding the valve rods 33, and into the space into which the valve is moved in its reciprocations. The movements of the valve assist in drawing in the vapor, thereby! lubricating The breather is provided with battles 40 to trap and prevent the escape of oil particles carried by the vapor.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder with inlet and exhaust ports and having a head. a sleeve valve seated in a chamber in said head, water jackets'on both 'lol sides of the valve chamber, andmeans for causin a. continuous flow of water in the same 'rection through the jackets.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder with inlet and exhaustvports and having a head, a valve governl saidV Orts, an outer water jacket sectioiingurromliding the cylinder and head, a. water jecketA sction around the inner Vside having an opening into the outer jacket, and

a cover for the cylinder having a compartment into which the water discharges.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder with inlet and exhaust ports and having ahead, a valvegoverning said orte, and water jacket sections made intev with the cylinder and head. and extending around the cylinder head on both sides thereof and communicating with each other, and a com mon discharge for said jackets.

4. In en internal combuetion engine u cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, avalve or valves gorernin said ports, and

water jackets b oth side's tige valve orviilves communicating with eachI other, and an independent discharge for each of said jackets. 5. AIn .an internal combustion en e a- 4 cylinder having a ported valve c formed between water 'ackets communicat- 30 ing with cach other at t of, each jacket ent outlet.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder with inlet and exhaust po s, V'and having a head, e sleeve valve seated in a chamber in said head, outer and inner-water jackets around said head, said inner jacket having o nings Ie'adin from `the outer jacket, an both of eaid jacket havingout` lets at-,the upper parte thereo to 'provide for a continuous flow of water in the same direction on both sides of the valve.

7. In an internal combustion engine acylinder with inlet and exhauet porta,'and having a head a sleeve valve seated in t chamber in head, outer and inner water jackets around for the cylinder head and eter jackets, said water jackets communicang with each other through openings leading into the lower part of the inner jacket; undeach of said jacketshaving a discharge opening into the chamber in said cover. I

8. In an internal combustion engine, fa cylinder having a head integral therewith, said head including a water jacket on the inner si'de thereof, an outer water jacket surrounding,r the cylinder and head and oommunicating with the inner water jacket near l0 the lower art thereof, both of Said jackets having a dischargeontlet at the upper part thereof, and a -valve seated inn chamber .in said head between the water jackets.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a

Il cylinder having a head with` inlet and exof the head andV e lower part there' provided with an indeIiend-- said head, a chambere'd cover haust porte, said cylinder and head made integral with each other and the latter ha a Water jacket cn the inner side thereof integral therewith, anouter water jacket communicating with the inner jacket, a. 7o- I valve inI a chamber in sajd head between the water `jackets and Surrounded thereby and n separate outlet for 'each of said water' jackets at the upper part thereof.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder havin a head with inlet and cx,` haust ports, sai cylinder and head made integral with each other and the latter having n water 'acket on the inner side thereof and integr therewith, an outer water jacket communicating with the inner jacket, a. chambered cover for said head and jackets the latter having discharge openings Into the cover, and a valve in chamber 1n said head between the water jackets and surrounded thereby.

11. Ina multi`cylnder internal combustion engine, a ca gforrning a'. water jacket surrounding the cylinders and common to all of them, e water inlet to the jacket, a waterjecket on the inner side of each cylinder head said inner jackets communicating with the outer jacket, .a common outlet `for all of said jackets', and a valve in a chu-m ber in each of aid heads between the water jackets and 'surrounded thereby.

12. In amulti-cylinder 4internal combustion engine, av casing forming a water jacket surrounding the cylinders and common to all of them', a water inlet to the` jacket, a 1011 water jacket on the' inner side of each cylinder, said inner jackets communicating. with ,the outer jacket, a common IVoutlet for all of .said jackets, valve chambers formed betweensaid outer-end inner water jackets,

and valves in said chambers.` l

13. In n multi-cylinder internal combus tion engine, e. casin forming a water jacket surrounding` the cy inders and common to all ofthem, n water. inlet to the jacket, a. 11

'water jacket on the yinner sideo each cylindelhead, eaid inner jackets communicat-V ing with the outer j acket, n.chamb ered cover common to all of the cylinders and havin openings to permit of the discharge of a. lv

of the ackets into the chamber, un outlet for sei chamber, and e valve in chamber in each of said heads between the water jackets and `surrounded thereby.

`14. In anint'ernal combustion engine, s. 120i cylinder having a head with linlet and ell:-A haust said head having communicatin waterjackets on the inner and outer si es thereof, and a valve in a chamber in said head. between the water jackets and eurrounded thereby, said inner jacket having an inlet at its lower end and an outlet at ite upper end.

l5. In an internalcombustion engine, a

cylinder having a head with inlet and exand having an opening or openings therefor at both bottom' and top of said inner water jacket for'the passage of water. l,

16. An'internal combustion engine havingva cylinder and a valve inthe head there-- of, and a. water cooling system comprising jackets on the inner and outer sides of the valve, and means for` causing a continuous flow of water in the same direction through said jackets.

17. An internal combustion engine hav-4 ing 'a cylinder and a valve ithe head thereof, and a water cooling system comprising jackets on thev inner and outer sides ofthe valve, means for causing a continuous pw of water in the same direction through said jackets, and 'a common water discharge for said jackets.

18. An internal combustion en 'ne having cylinders each provided wit a head having an explosion chamber, a valve chamber and inlet and exhaust ports, one or more valves controlling said ports, a .water-cooling system com 'rising amain jacket, for the engine, said jac et bel'n'g divided at or near the lower end of ysaid valvechamber whereby water is sup lied to each sidethereof, and outlets for t' e water at the top of said valve chamber. Y

19. An internal combustion en ne having cylinders provided with hea having explosion chambers and inlet and exhaust portal: valves controlling s aid ports, chambers or saidV valve and a water cooling system comprising a jacket or casin having division walls whereby the water 1s caused to How in parallel columnsin a continuous ,direction longitudinally of the cylinders and heads and inside and outside of the chambers in which said valves are placed, and a discharge outlet for theI water, said division walls permitting the water to. be drained from the jack 20. In an internal: combustion enginezan annular valve chamber formed between a cylinder having a water-cooledhead and surrounded by a. sleeve valveand an outer water jacket casing, the jacketof the head being provided with an outlet in its upper end and being open at its lower circumference toreceive an upward iow of water from the main outer Water jacket.

21. VA cylinder and head construction for internal combustion engines comprising a vvalve chamber and a valve therein, said chamber being closed at the bottom, two water-cooled jackets between which said valve chamber is located, and a'- chambered cover' into which said jackets open.

In, testimony whereof I have hereunto signed myname in' the presenceof two sub-v scribing witnesses,

FRANK E. LONAS. Witnesses:

M.V En MCNINCH, CHARLES S. J oNEs.

` haust ports, a valve orvalves governing said ports, an outer water jacket section surrounding the cylinder head, a water jacket section around the inner side of said head,

and having an opening or openings thereforat both bottoin and top of said inner water jacket for the passage of water. 16. An'internal combustion engine havinga cylinder and a valve inthe head there-- .01", and a water cooling system comprising jackets on the inner and outer sides of the valve, and means for causing a continuous How of water in the same direction through said jackets.

17. An internal combustion engine hav-y ing `a cylinder and a valve inthe head thereof, and a water cooling system comprising jackets on the inner and outer sides ofthe valve, means for causing a continuous flow of water in the same direction through said jackets, and ya common water discharge for said jackets. A

18. An internal combustion engine having cylinders each provided with a head having an explosion chamber, a valve chamber and inlet and exhaust ports, one or more valves/controlling said ports, a water-cooling system comprising av main acketfor the engine, said jacket being divided at or near the lower end of said vvalve chamber whereby water is supplied to each sidev thereof, and outlets for the water at the top of said valve chamber.

19. An internal combustion engine having cylinders provided with heads having Y [SEAL] Correction 1n Leners Patent N0.1,1a5,691.

rsigned annealed this 18th day of July, A. D., 1'916.

explosion chambers and'inlet and exhaust ports, valves controlling said ports, chambers for saidy valve and a water cooling system comprising a jacket or casing having division walls whereby the water is caused to flow in parallel columnsin a continuous .direction longitudinally of the cylinders and heads and inside and voutside of the chambers in which said valves are placed, and a discharge outlet for the water, said division walls permitting the water to. be drained from the jackets.

20. In an internal combustion enginegan annular valve chamber formed between a cylinder having a water-cooled head and surrounded by a sleeve valve and an outer water jacket casing, the jacket of the head being provided with an outlet in its upper end and being open at its lower circumference to receive an upward How of water from the main outer water jacket.

21. A cylinder and head construction for internal' combustion engines comprising a valve chamber and a valve therein, said chamber being closed at the bottom, two water-cooled jackets between which said valve chamber is located, and achambered cover' into which said jackets open.

In, testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my Aname inl the presenceof two sub# scribing witnesses,

E. MCNINGH, CHARLES S. JoNEs.

It is hereby certified that in-Letters-'Patent No. 1 ,185,691,'granted June '6, 1916, upon the application of Fran-k E. Lonas, of NewYork, N. Y., for an improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, an error appears in the printed specification, requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 5, claim 15, strike out the Word theres lfor;.l and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the samemay conform tothe record of the case in the Patent Office.

n. F. vwiirrnnifali),

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

It is hereby certified that in-Letters Patent No. 1,185,691, granted June 6, 1916,l

upon the application of Franli E. Lomas, of New York, N. Y., for an improvement in lnternaLCombustion Engines, an error appears Ain the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, line 5, claim 15, strike out the word therefor; end that the said Letters Patent should be'read with thiseorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 18th day of July, A. D., 1916.

{SEAL} R; F. WHITEHEAI),

Acting Commission of Patents. 

